High Mechanical Strength
High tensile and yield strength.
ABOUT THIS MATERIAL
Why
Duplex Steel Castings?
Duplex steel castings combine high mechanical strength with corrosion resistance for demanding industrial service. Their ferritic–austenitic structure makes them a useful choice for pump casings, impellers, valve bodies and other fluid-handling components.
At Bhanu Special Castings, we review your drawing, operating environment and inspection requirements to select a suitable casting grade and manufacturing approach.
UNDERSTANDING
Ferritic–Austenitic Structure
Duplex stainless steel contains both ferritic and austenitic phases. This dual-phase structure brings together high strength, corrosion resistance and useful toughness.
Compared with conventional austenitic stainless steels, duplex grades generally provide higher yield strength and improved resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking.
Key Advantages
Corrosion Resistance
Resistance suited to demanding service.
Strength & Toughness
Balanced mechanical performance.
Enhanced Durability
Reliable corrosive-service performance.
Cost-Effective Performance
Potential for reduced maintenance.
MATERIAL BEHAVIOUR
The Work-Hardening Response
How Duplex Steel Responds to Plastic Deformation
Duplex stainless steel can develop increased hardness and strength when permanently deformed. Its ferritic and austenitic phases respond differently to strain.
SOLUTION-ANNEALED CONDITION
Ferritic-Austenitic Structure
Properties depend on grade and heat treatment
Plastic
deformation
deformation
Cold working or
permanent strain
LOCALLY WORK-HARDENED CONDITION
Increased Local Hardness
Greater strength with reduced local ductility
Response depends on grade, phase balance, temperature and degree of deformation.
Why Work Hardening Matters
Work hardening affects forming and machining. Sharp tools, rigid setups and suitable cutting parameters help control the hardened layer.
Important Consideration
Duplex steel is primarily selected for strength and corrosion resistance. Work hardening is not its main mechanism for resisting severe abrasive wear.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS & GRADE SPECIFICATIONS
Duplex Steel Casting Grades Across International Standards
Duplex stainless steel castings are specified by material standards covering chemistry, heat treatment, mechanical properties and inspection. ASTM A890 covers general applications, while ASTM A995 covers pressure-containing parts.
EN 10283 includes ferritic–austenitic casting grades and is adopted through several European national standards. EN 10213 applies where the selected grade is specified for pressure service.
This reference covers the same 16 countries and regions as our international materials guide. Where a local cast-grade designation has not been verified, an international ordering route is identified explicitly.
Cross-Reference: Casting Standards & Grades
| Country / Region | Specification Route | Representative Casting Grades |
|---|---|---|
 India | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 USA | ASTM A890; A995 where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 Germany | DIN EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 International / Europe | EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 China | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 Japan | JIS G 5121; ASTM A890* | JIS: SCS10; SCS11 ASTM option: 1B; 1C; 2A; 3A; 4A; 5A (SD); 6A (SD) |
 United Kingdom | BS EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 France | NF EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 Italy | UNI EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 Australia | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 South Africa | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 Russia | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
 Spain | UNE EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 Sweden | SS EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 Norway | NS EN 10283 | 1.4347; 1.4470; 1.4474; 1.4517; 1.4468; 1.4469; 1.4417 |
 South Korea | ASTM A890; A995* where grade is covered | 1B / CD4MCuN; 1C / CD3MCuN; 2A / CE8MN; 3A / CD6MN; 4A / CD3MN; 5A / CE3MN (SD); 6A / CD3MWCuN (SD) |
COUNTRY-WISE MATERIAL GRADES
Interactive Country-Wise Chemical Composition Tables
Select a country to explore duplex steel casting grades, selected chemical limits (mass %) and specification notes.
India · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
USA · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
Germany · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
DIN EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
International · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
China · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
Japan · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
JIS G 5121:2003 — Corrosion-Resistant Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SCS10 | ≤0.03 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.030 | 21.00–26.00 | 4.50–8.50 | 2.50–4.00 | 0.08–0.30 | — | — |
| SCS11 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.030 | 23.00–27.00 | 4.00–7.00 | 1.50–2.50 | — | — | — |
Other alloying elements may be added as needed. SCS11 reference. Composition reference
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
UK · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
BS EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
France · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
NF EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
Italy · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
UNI EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
Australia · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
South Africa · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
Russia · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
Spain · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
UNE EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
Sweden · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
SS EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
Norway · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
NS EN 10283:2019 — Ferritic–Austenitic Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.4347 / GX6CrNiN26-7 | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.020 | 25.00–27.00 | 5.50–7.50 | — | 0.10–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4470 / GX2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 21.00–23.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.20 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4474 / GX4CrNiMoN26-5-2 | ≤0.05 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 4.50–6.50 | 1.30–2.00 | 0.12–0.20 | — | — |
| 1.4517 / GX2CrNiMoCuN25-6-3-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.00–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.22 | 2.75–3.50 | — |
| 1.4468 / GX2CrNiMoN25-6-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤2.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 24.50–26.50 | 5.50–7.00 | 2.50–3.50 | 0.12–0.25 | ≤0.50 | — |
| 1.4469 / GX2CrNiMoN26-7-4 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.025 | 25.00–27.00 | 6.00–8.00 | 3.00–5.00 | 0.12–0.22 | ≤1.30 | — |
| 1.4417 / GX2CrNiMoN25-7-3 | ≤0.030 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.020 | 24.00–26.00 | 6.00–8.50 | 3.00–4.00 | 0.15–0.25 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 |
Confirm the purchase-order edition. For 1.4417, minimum copper and tungsten contents of 0.5% each can be agreed for special applications. Composition reference
South Korea · Composition by mass (%). A dash indicates no numerical limit in the cited table.
ASTM A890/A890M-18a — Duplex Stainless Steel Castings
| Grade | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Ni | Mo | N | Cu | W |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1B / CD4MCuN | ≤0.04 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.5–26.5 | 4.7–6.0 | 1.7–2.3 | 0.10–0.25 | 2.7–3.3 | — |
| 1C / CD3MCuN | ≤0.030 | ≤1.10 | ≤1.20 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 | 24.0–26.7 | 5.6–6.7 | 2.9–3.8 | 0.22–0.33 | 1.40–1.90 | — |
| 2A / CE8MN | ≤0.08 | ≤1.50 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 22.5–25.5 | 8.0–11.0 | 3.0–4.5 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 3A / CD6MN | ≤0.06 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.040 | ≤0.040 | 24.0–27.0 | 4.0–6.0 | 1.75–2.5 | 0.15–0.25 | — | — |
| 4A / CD3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.020 | 21.0–23.5 | 4.5–6.5 | 2.5–3.5 | 0.10–0.30 | ≤1.00 | — |
| 5A / CE3MN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.04 | ≤0.04 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.0–8.0 | 4.0–5.0 | 0.10–0.30 | — | — |
| 6A / CD3MWCuN | ≤0.03 | ≤1.00 | ≤1.00 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.025 | 24.0–26.0 | 6.5–8.5 | 3.0–4.0 | 0.20–0.30 | 0.5–1.0 | 0.5–1.0 |
A890 ordering route. For pressure-containing castings, confirm the grade and chemistry in the applicable A995/A995M edition. Grades 1C, 5A and 6A also have PREN requirements. Composition reference
DUPLEX STEEL PRODUCT RANGE
Industrial Duplex Steel Components
for Diverse Applications
Explore duplex steel casting categories for pumps, valves, pipelines and process equipment. Grade selection depends on the service environment and specified requirements. Images illustrate representative component forms.
Pump Casings & Housings
Duplex cast components for industrial fluid-handling systems.
Subproducts
Impellers & Rotating Parts
Rotating cast components for demanding pumping applications.
Subproducts
Valve Bodies & Components
Cast components for industrial flow control and pressure service.
Subproducts
Pipe Fittings & Flanges
Cast connections for industrial piping and fluid distribution.
Subproducts
Marine & Offshore Components
Duplex castings for suitable marine and seawater applications.
Subproducts
Custom Industrial Castings
Engineered components manufactured to customer drawings.
Subproducts
Step-by-Step Manufacturing Process
From Raw Material to
Finished Duplex Steel Components
Our duplex casting workflow combines alloy control, casting soundness, solution heat treatment and specified inspection requirements.
Raw Material Selection
Select suitable steel scrap, foundry returns and alloy additions for the specified duplex casting grade.
Pattern & Mould Preparation
Prepare patterns, cores and moulds to approved drawings, with suitable gating, feeding and shrinkage allowances.
Melting & Alloying
Melt the prepared charge and adjust alloy additions to target the specified duplex steel chemistry.
Chemical Analysis & Melt Control
Check melt chemistry by spectrometer and apply required corrections before releasing the heat for pouring.
Controlled Metal Pouring
Pour at the established temperature using suitable ladle handling, gating and feeding arrangements.
Cooling & Solidification
Manage casting solidification and cooling to support soundness and the required component geometry.
Shakeout & Fettling
Remove moulding sand, runners and risers; clean and dress the casting surfaces for subsequent operations.
Solution Heat Treatment & Quenching
Apply the grade-specific solution treatment and specified rapid cooling to develop the required duplex structure.
Machining & Surface Finishing
Complete specified machining through partner facilities and prepare functional surfaces to drawing requirements.
Final Inspection & Dispatch
Verify dimensions, specified properties and phase balance; complete required NDT, records, protection and packing.
TECHNICAL PROPERTIES
Mechanical &
Physical Properties
High Strength, Toughness & Corrosion Resistance
Duplex stainless steel castings combine high mechanical strength with resistance to aggressive environments.
Strength
Toughness
Corrosion Resistance
Mechanical Properties
| Property | Standard Duplex 4A | Super Duplex 5A |
|---|---|---|
| Tensile strength | Typically ≥ 620 MPa | Typically ≥ 690 MPa |
| Yield strength | High | Very high |
| Elongation | Good | Good |
| Impact toughness | Grade-dependent | Grade-dependent |
| Hardness | Heat-treatment dependent | Heat-treatment dependent |
| Corrosion resistance | Excellent | Enhanced for aggressive chloride service |
Indicative comparison only. Certified limits depend on grade, standard edition, test temperature and heat treatment.
Physical Properties
| Property | Typical Range |
|---|---|
| Density | 7.7–7.9 g/cm³ |
| Elastic Modulus | 190–205 GPa |
| Thermal Conductivity | 13–20 W/m·K |
| Thermal Expansion | Approximately 12–14 × 10⁻⁶/K |
| Magnetic Behaviour | Generally magnetic |
| Thermal Resistance | Service-temperature dependent |
Corrosion Performance
Duplex stainless steel offers resistance to chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking, pitting and crevice corrosion. Super duplex grades offer enhanced performance in more aggressive chloride environments, subject to operating conditions.
QUALITY CONTROL
Quality Assurance & Inspection
Quality Verification for Critical Industrial Castings
Our quality-focused approach emphasizes material traceability, controlled manufacturing and inspection against customer-approved specifications.
01
Chemical Composition Analysis
Verification of chromium, nickel, molybdenum, nitrogen and other alloying elements against the selected material grade.
02
Mechanical Testing
Evaluation of tensile strength, yield strength, elongation and other specified mechanical properties.
03
Microstructure & Ferrite Testing
Evaluation of phase balance, microstructure and ferrite content where specified.
04
Non-Destructive Testing
Liquid penetrant, ultrasonic, radiographic and other examinations according to applicable requirements.
05
Dimensional Inspection
Verification of casting dimensions, machining allowances, tolerances and component geometry.
06
Corrosion Resistance Testing
Grade-specific corrosion tests, including ASTM G48 where applicable and requested.
Quality Documentation
- Material Test Certificates
- Chemical Analysis Reports
- Mechanical Test Reports
- Heat-Treatment Records
- Inspection Reports
- Material Traceability
Documentation supplied as required by the purchase specification.
REQUEST FOR QUOTATION (RFQ)
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Duplex Steel Castings
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Important Note
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